The Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Portugal’s state civil engineering laboratory, runs a Unidade de Reação ao Fogo accredited by IPAC (L0488) and notified by IPQ under the Construction Products Regulation for reaction-to-fire testing. Beyond issuing classifications, the unit works on the problems around them: testing to develop or improve a product’s reaction-to-fire performance, testing in support of factory production control, and programmes to develop indirect or simplified test methods for that control — the kind of work that decides whether a manufacturer can keep a classification without re-burning every batch. State ownership; testing is sold on the open market.